Definition of Explanation Text

A. Pengertian Explanation Text

Explanation Text adalah sebuah teks yang berisi tentang proses-proses yang berhubungan dengan fenomena-fenomena alam, soisal, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya dan lainnya. Sebuah Explanation text biasanya berasal dari pertanyaan penulis terkait ‘why’ dan ‘how’ terhadap suatu fenomena yang ada.

B. Tujuan Kebahasaan Explanation Text

Tujuan kebahasaan dari Explanation text adalah untuk menerangkan proses-proses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan atau kegiatan yang terkait dengan fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lainnya yang bertujuan menjelaskan.

C. Struktur Kebahasaan Explanation Text

Terdapat tiga bagian dalam struktur kebahasaan Explanation Text, yaitu:

1.  A general statement

Dalam general statement berisi tentang penjelasan umum tentang fenomena yang akan dibahas, bisa berupa pengenalan fenomena tersebut atau penjelasannya.

2.  A squenced of explanation

A squenced of explanation berisi tentang penjelasan proses mengapa fenomena tersebut bisa terjadi atau tercipta. A squenced of explanation berupa jawaban dari pertanyaan ‘why’ dan ‘how’ penulis ketika membuat sebuah Explanation text. Dalam squenced of explanation bisa terdiri lebih dari satu paragrap. 

3.  Closing
Sebenarnya closing itu tidak tercantum dalam  generic  structure  dari Explanation text, tetapi kebanyakan orang beranggapan bahwa paragraf terakhir dari sebuah Explanation text adalah closing, padahal itu merupakan bagian dari squenced of explantaion yang berisi tentang langkah akhir yang dijelaskan pada bagian squenced of explanation.

D. Ciri Kebahasaan Explanation Text

Dalam sebuah explanation text, terdapat ciri-ciri kebahasaan seperti di bawah ini, yaitu:

•    Menggunakan simpel present tense

•    Mengguankan abstract noun (kata benda yang nampak)

•    Mengguanakan Passive voice

•    Menggunakan Action verbs

E. Contoh Explanation Text

Why Eiffel Tower was Built

If we talk about the Wonders of the World buildings, then we will see Eiffel Tower as one of them. However many of us don’t know the tower’s past history on why it was build. Everything has the reasonable background, especially for the tower which is to be one of the most recognized buildings in the world.

Primarily, the Eiffel Tower was built for the World Exhibition. It was called Paris Exposition in 1889. The exhibition was organized to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. The purpose of building Eiffel Tower in such structure was to show to the world France’s advancement of technology and beauty. The Eiffel Tower was designed by Gustave Eiffel. It seemed that then the name of the tower was derived from the designer’s last name, “Eiffel”.

Another reason on why the tower was built was for scientific progress. Although few realized it, the Eiffel Tower would become the prominent structure in terms of science and technology. Many experiment with temperature, pressure and pendulums were performed atop the unique famous building. Additionally the Eiffel Tower was used for radio transmission tower. Many experiments were conducted atop the Eiffel Tower for radio transmission advancement. Once the Eiffel Tower was proposed to be demolished but it was spared because the tower had the promising future as a radio tower.